C1.7 Basic Structure & Functions of Carbohydrate, Protein & Lipid

Semester 1: Foundation of Basic Science
Case 1: Chemistry of Life

Obj 7 – Basic Structure & Functions of Carbohydrate, Protein & Lipid

Carbohydrate

-polysaccharides

-organic compound (CH2O)n

-most abundant forms = cellulose

-as storage =starch (plant) / glycogen (animal)

Lipid

-no polymers ; glycerol and fatty acid

-triacyglycerol (triglyceride)

-hydrophobic

-fats , phospholipids , steroids

-carboxyl group = fatty acid

-non-polar C-H bonds on fatty acid ‘tails’

-Ester linkage : 3 fatty acids to 1 gycerol (dehydration formation)

Protein

-monomer :amino acid (20 forms a.a)

-has ˜carboxyl (-COOH) and amino group (NH2)

-polypeptides (dehydration reaction)

-peptide bonds (covalent bonds)

-comformation:

irregular contortions from R group bonding\

• hydrophobic
• disulphide bridges
• hydrogen bonds
• ionic bonds